Fort Innocent : Un patrimoine en péril face à des travaux illégaux

Le Fort Innocent, l’un des sept forts historiques situés dans la commune de Dessalines, dans le département de l’Artibonite, a subi un effondrement partiel en raison de travaux non autorisés effectués par le pasteur Bersony Antoine. Face à cette situation, les associations locales exigent une intervention rapide de l’Institut de Sauvegarde du Patrimoine National (ISPAN) et appellent à des mesures contre les responsables.

Ces travaux illégaux ont commencé en novembre 2024, lorsqu’une série de rénovations, incluant l’installation de fenêtres et de portes, a été réalisée dans le but de transformer le fort en un lieu de culte. Ces interventions, menées sans l’approbation des autorités compétentes, ont provoqué la colère et le mépris parmi les habitants et les associations locales. “Malgré plusieurs alertes, les autorités ont tardé à prendre des mesures appropriées”, a déclaré un membre de l’association Konbit Jèn Desalin.

Suite à l’appel lancé par les associations en mars 2025, la municipalité a écrit au pasteur pour lui demander de libérer l’espace. C’est à ce moment que la situation s’est aggravée : stupéfaits, les fidèles se sont rendus sur place pour détruire le travail qu’ils avaient effectué. Malheureusement, lors de cette destruction, une partie du fort s’est effondrée.

Les travaux ont endommagé la structure du fort en raison de l’utilisation de matériaux inappropriés, comme du ciment et des céramiques. Des vidéos et des images montrent les destructions réalisées dans le fort ainsi que l’effondrement d’une section de celui-ci. Ces travaux ont été effectués sous l’ordonnance verbale d’un responsable de la mairie, en collaboration avec le pasteur Bersony Antoine et ses fidèles de la mission armée céleste “Bon Berger”. Depuis le début du chantier, une partie du fort a été gravement endommagée, et le pasteur Antoine a pris la fuite.

Cette dégradation du site constitue une violation flagrante des lois relatives à la préservation du patrimoine national, en particulier les règles édictées par la Constitution haïtienne et le décret de 1979 concernant la sauvegarde du patrimoine, ont souligné plusieurs membres d’associations locales.

L’article 215 de la Constitution haïtienne stipule que « les richesses archéologiques, historiques, culturelles et folkloriques du Pays de même que les richesses architecturales, témoin de la grandeur de notre passé, font partie du Patrimoine National. En conséquence, les monuments, les ruines, les sites des grands faits d’armes de nos ancêtres, les centres réputés de nos croyances africaines et tous les vestiges du passé sont placées sous la protection de l’Etat. » Cette disposition établit clairement la responsabilité de l’État dans la sauvegarde des patrimoines historiques et culturels.

Le décret de 1979 sur la préservation du patrimoine national précise que seul l’ISPAN est habilité à autoriser la restauration, la rénovation ou l’amélioration des monuments et des sites historiques du pays. Toute modification d’un site classé sans l’accord préalable de l’ISPAN expose les responsables à des sanctions pénales. Dans ce contexte, la transformation du Fort Innocent en un lieu de culte sans l’accord des autorités compétentes constitue une violation manifeste de la législation en vigueur.

« Nous ne pouvons pas permettre que ce site soit sacrifié au nom de projets personnels ou religieux. Le Fort Innocent est l’héritage de nos ancêtres et doit être protégé », déclare un membre de l’association Desalin sou Tanbou.

Un appel d’urgence est lancé aux autorités pour qu’elles prennent des mesures immédiates afin de protéger ce patrimoine inestimable et poursuivent les responsables conformément à la loi. L’intervention rapide de l’ISPAN est essentielle pour éviter la perte définitive du Fort Innocent, un des symboles de l’histoire du pays.

Il convient de préciser que le pasteur Antoine est en cavale depuis l’effondrement survenu en mars et que, pour l’instant, le dossier suit son cours, selon des sources fiables au sein de la mairie de Dessalines.

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